I have never been a believer in the big bang theory. If there was a singularity that exploded, what force would have caused it to explode? Using the Doppler effect to prove an expanding universe might not be effective because the light traversing inter-galactic space my have the blue end of the spectrum filtered by debris, gravity and even the light emitted from our own star? As for black holes, could be a large mass of only the heaviest of elements, spinning so fast that the lighter elements get thrown out to the edge of it's gravity well creating a friction filled boundary which transmits it rotation outward through the galaxy. It just seems to me that too many of these phenomena are explained by abandoning the known laws of physics.