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October 25th, 2013, 08:33 AM
how bacteria immunize to antibiotics? In biological point of view.
I think it forms kind of shieldOriginally Posted by Hymenophyllum
In essence, antibiotic resistance (if that is what you are referring to) can be innate to the bacterium or it can be acquired via the acceptance of resistance plasmids.
At a very simple level - evolution. All bacteria are very slightly different due to mutations when dividing. Some will have a very slight immunity to a given antibiotic due to cell membrane differences/metabolic differences etc. The ones with a slightly higher immunity survive more often than the ones that do not have that immunity, and thus the genes for immunity are passed on.
After a thousand generations those bacteria are a lot more resistant overall.
Some bacteria can produce a kind of enzyme which could deactivate antibiotic or change its architectures before it get into the cell. Some bacteria's cell wall permeability mutates and it reduces the concentrations of antibiotic in them.There are many other reasons as well. Evolution let more and more bacteria with antibiotical resistance survive and their mechanism are multifarious.
PS. Antibiotic abuse is really a serious problem in our China but most Chinese people don't realize it.
I'd like to see the creationists rationalise this.
Must be God who made bacteria resistant. but then this raises a number of theological questions...
That's simply "micro" evolution, which they rarely deny. They say that obviously micro evolution happens, what doesn't happen is something evolving from one "kind" into another. Dogs have obviously evolved quite a bit from the wolves they once were, but they are still recognizably wolves/dogs.I'd like to see the creationists rationalise this.
Must be God who made bacteria resistant. but then this raises a number of theological questions...
Micro evolution = evolution within one species, Wolves -> Chihuahuas/Grate danes etc
Macro evolution = evolution from one species into another, Dinosaurs -> Birds
Note I am not a creationist, I have just heard these arguments so many times that I feel comfortable speaking for them in regards to this specific subject.
My experience has been that when you "grate danes" they object.
They do not. Period.
For anyone interested, I have created a few threads about antibiotics.
Feel free to check them out and please do not hesitate to ask questions!
I have not taken many anti-biotics in my life. Is this a good or bad thing? After my eye surgeries my eyes have had a lot of them, but my body....last one was maybe 3 years or so ago.
They do not. Period.
For anyone interested, I have created a few threads about antibiotics.
Feel free to check them out and please do not hesitate to ask questions!
As nobody has answered the question correctly, i will give it a whirl to answering it. (sorry, roseaux answered it already)
By how does a bacterium immunize to antibiotics on a biological pov, means.. what actions the cell take itself, once it has been immunised.
If the genetic strain accepted by the bacterium to make itself immune to an antibioticum it could be one of two actions a bacterium cell can undertake, depending on the type of bacteria and the type of antibiotics it is going to be immune off.
The first, and easiest way, is to form a proteïn that simply digests the antibiotics, thus rendering it impotent.
The second, and way more complicated than the first, is that the bacterium changes its cell wall/membrane proteïns and thus making the antibioticum unable to react with it.
I cannot think of any disadvantages from not taking antibiotics if the treatment of a disease does not require them.
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