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| Suhail Jalbout |
 Posted: Sun Jan 06, 2008 10:19 am Post subject: MAYAN AND EGYPTIAN EPOCHS COINCIDE |
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Forum Freshman
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Please find below a recent article that I have written. Looking forward for your comments.
Regards
MAYAN AND EGYPTIAN EPOCHS COINCIDE
BY SUHAIL JALBOUT[1]
Two ancient societies, the Maya and the Egyptians, had the same cyclic epoch of approximately 5125 years. Each epoch is separated from the preceding one by a global world catastrophe.
The Maya, who lived in South America around 2000 B.C,[2] had 5 epochs of world history. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th epochs happened in the remote past. Their 5th epoch will end on December 21, 2012. The Maya believed that on this date a global catastrophe would occur. The survivors would enter into the 5th dimension and become more in harmony with the universe.[3]
Similarly, the ancient Egyptian priests had a "usual interval" or epoch which separate the recurrence of major universal cataclysms on earth.[4] The period of their cycle was kept secret among themselves to avoid general public panic. However, realizing that during a major catastrophe they and their records might be destroyed, they have encoded the "usual interval" in the Great Pyramid. Their objective is to warn future generations of a periodic global cataclysms on earth.
How I discovered the ancient Egyptians epoch or "usual interval" or the Maya's calendar in the Great Pyramid?
All the faces of the Great Pyramid meet at one point, the apex. This means the height of the pyramid may be considered as a time scale. That is to say, the height is a time span that starts from a large base representing the progress and prosperity of a civilization and rises to a peak at the apex representing catastrophe. The Egyptians, who built the Great Pyramid must have had this picture in mind when they chose the height of the pyramid. They intentionally selected the number 28 for its height since this number points to their scale, the 1 cubit subdivisions. It was chosen because they wanted to inform future generations that the height represents a scale for measuring time not length. Hence, in looking at the pyramid with its height of 280 cubits, we are looking at a time span which is, in fact, the "usual interval".[5] The latter can be easily obtained once the height of the pyramid is converted into time. To perform the conversion, a time scale factor is required.
The Grand Gallery is a step pyramid inside the Great Pyramid representing a time module. It has a slope of 26 degrees and a height that varies between 8.48 and 8.74 meters. Thus, the average height is 8.61 meters or 16.431 cubits.[6] The ancient Egyptians selected this height on purpose to indicate that the time factor is 16.431 years at a slope of 26 degrees. Since the time factor should be calculated on a vertical axis parallel to the Great Pyramid's height, the vertical component of the time factor is :
16.431 / cos 26 = 16.431 / 0.898 = 18.297 years
Based on the above, the "usual interval" or the Egyptian epoch is calculated by multiplying the time scale by the time scale factor. Therefore, the usual interval is :
The Egyptian "usual interval" or epoch is : 280 x 18.297 = 5123 years
The Mayan epoch or calendar or "usual interval" is : 5125 years
It seems the Phoenicians navigated the Atlantic Ocean. I hope this new data will enthuse further study and research.
END NOTES & REFERENCES
1 http://www.planeteroid.com
2 http://www.native-languages.org/composition/maya-culture.html
3 http://www.diagnosis2012.co.uk/5thsun.htm
4 Luce,J.V. The End of Atlantis. London: Thames & Hudson, 1969: 207
4 Jalbout, Suhail. The Warning in Stone. Beirut: Arab Scientific Publishers, 2004: 14
5 http://www.touregypt.net/cheops.html
5 http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/greatpyramid1.htm
6 Ibid
7 http://www.adishakti.org/mayan_end_times_prophecy_12-21-2012.html |
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| Bunbury |
| Posted: Sun Jan 06, 2008 10:54 am Post subject: |
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Forum Ph.D.
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| The Maya did not live in South America. They lived in what is now Mexico, a North American country, and several smaller Central American countries. |
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| Harold14370 |
| Posted: Sun Jan 06, 2008 2:25 pm Post subject: |
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| It appears that you have simply manipulated some numbers until you accidentally found the number you were looking for. |
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| Suhail Jalbout |
| Posted: Wed Jan 09, 2008 5:21 am Post subject: MAYAN AND EGYPTIAN EPOCHS COINCIDE |
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Dear Harold,
It seems from your comments you require more details on the subject and I am pleased to provide below.
The Great Pyramid has an angle of inclination preserved by the casing stones at the base. These stones were cut and polished with an astonishing perfection and accuracy not common amongst stonemasons. In 1837, the English explorer, Richard Howard-Vyse, measured the angle of inclination of the casing stone and found it to be 51° 51’. In 1860, the Egyptologist, John Taylor, recognized this angle as the π angle. This finding proved that the Great Pyramid was built in accordance with the following principle :
The circumference of a circle whose radius is the height of a pyramid is equal to the perimeter of the pyramid’s base.
Assume that : p = perimeter of the pyramid’s base, h = height of the pyramid, & π = 22/7
Based on the above principle we can write : h = 7p / 44 …….(equation 1)
This equation gives the relationship between the height and the perimeter of a pyramid. Any pyramid built in accordance with the above equation will have an angle of inclination of 51° 51’ or the π angle. The ancient Egyptians had a unit of measurement called the cubit. Each cubit is equal to 52.40 cm and is divided into 28 equal parts. Consequently, and in order to find the "usual interval” or epoch, we have to work with the ancient Egyptian unit.
The Great Pyramid’s Height
Almost all the references I found with regards to the Great Pyramid measurements gives 280 cubits for its height and approximately 1,760 cubits for its perimeter. So, if we substitute the number 280 in equation 1 above, we obtain exactly the perimeter of the pyramid :
280 = 7p/44 and p = 1,760 cubits
The Grand Gallery’s Height
The walls of the Grand Gallery rise vertically in seven courses of polished limestone. At each course, in the upward direction, the width between the walls gets narrower and narrower. By the end of the 7th course, the width at the ceiling is approximately half the width at the base. Standing in the gallery and looking upwards gives the impression that one is standing at the base of a step pyramid. It has a slope of 26° and a height that varies between 8.48 and 8.74 meters. These numbers I found after studying many references. The average height is 8.61 meters . Since each cubit is 0.524 meters, then the average height of the step pyramid is 16.431 cubits.
It is amazing that when one looks at the cross section of the Great Pyramid, two vertical lines immediately appear. One is the height of the Great Pyramid (a time scale) and the other the vertical height of the step pyramid, the Grand Gallery, (a time factor).
Regards
Suhail |
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| Twaaannnggg |
| Posted: Wed Jan 09, 2008 6:44 am Post subject: |
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Ummmmmm.........why the hell is this nonsense in the "History" section. This clearly belongs in the Pseudoscience or Trash section. Thanks.
And what you are telling us is utterly wrong anyway because I have conclusive evidence the world will turn into Plumpudding at 2nd of May 2525.
_________________
Build a man a fire and he will be warm for a day, set a man on fire and he will be warm for the rest of his life. |
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| Guest |
| Posted: Wed Jan 09, 2008 6:45 am Post subject: Re: MAYAN AND EGYPTIAN EPOCHS COINCIDE |
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| Suhail Jalbout wrote: |
All the faces of the Great Pyramid meet at one point, the apex. This means the height of the pyramid may be considered as a time scale. |
The great pyramid actually has 5 faces only four of which meet at the apex. Only in a 4 dimensional world might all 5 faces of a pyramid meet at a single point but that is arguable.
The angle of slope of the pyramid is as a result of trial and error (some early pyramids show a shape change clearly aimed at reducing the final weight of the construction. As far as I remember this angle is close to that of a natural sand dune and therefore can support it's weight without collapsing/distorting itself.
What do you make of the fact that the figure for the number of cubits (1760) is in fact exactly equal to the number of yards in a mile?
What I make of it is that if you round a number to 4 digits then there is a 1 in 10000 chance it will coincide with any other 4 digit number.
Since this is not really history would you like it moved to either general discussion or psuedoscience? |
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| Harold14370 |
| Posted: Wed Jan 09, 2008 10:13 am Post subject: Re: MAYAN AND EGYPTIAN EPOCHS COINCIDE |
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| Suhail Jalbout wrote: |
The ancient Egyptians selected this height on purpose to indicate that the time factor is 16.431 years at a slope of 26 degrees. Since the time factor should be calculated on a vertical axis parallel to the Great Pyramid's height, the vertical component of the time factor is :
16.431 / cos 26 = 16.431 / 0.898 = 18.297 years
Based on the above, the "usual interval" or the Egyptian epoch is calculated by multiplying the time scale by the time scale factor.
Therefore, the usual interval is :
The Egyptian "usual interval" or epoch is : 280 x 18.297 = 5123 years
The Mayan epoch or calendar or "usual interval" is : 5125 years
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Why are you dividing the height by the cosine of the slope. That seems kind of random. You say it is to get the vertical component but the 16.431 height is already vertical. Also if I do this on my calculator I get 5119, not 5123, so it looks like you rounded the number off in a direction to make it come out closer to where you wanted it. |
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| kojax |
| Posted: Thu Jan 10, 2008 8:31 pm Post subject: |
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I think its important to note that a lot of the consistencies found in the Great Pyramid's measurements are not coincidences. It seems that, in building the whole structure, the creators wanted to show off their knowledge of geometry and mathematics in general.
The temptation this creates, of course, is to start trying to find consistencies that supposedly "confirm" our historical views. (It's a lot like bible numerology that way).
I would suggest that, if they didn't make the ceiling height of the grand gallery exactly consistent all the way across, this indicates one of 2 things.
Either:
1)- It was consistent at first, but settling, earthquakes, or other things like that gradually made it uneven.
or
2) - The builders never meant to communicate anything by making the height be a certain amount. If they had, they would have made it consistent all the way across. |
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| Suhail Jalbout |
| Posted: Sat Jan 12, 2008 12:07 pm Post subject: |
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Hi Harold,
I did not realize that the two points you have raised require clarification.
The height of the Grand Gallery is measured perpendicular to its base. This means its height is tilted by 26° from the Great Pyramid vertical axis. To calculate the epoch or “usual interval”, both the pyramid’s height and the time factor should be in the same direction parallel to each other (similar to the problems in physics about a free falling body on a ramp). This means we have to use the hypotenuse of a triangle whose side is 16.431 and its angles are 90°, 26°, and 64° to obtain the vertical component that is parallel to the Great Pyramid axis. Thus, the hypotenuse or time factor is 16.431 / cos 26°.
Engineers, up till the late 1960’s, were using the slide rule to calculate the sine, cosine, and tangent of angles. The maximum number of decimals that they were able to read was 3. This accuracy was accepted by all national and international standards. I have no doudt that this accurecy was also accepted by the ancient Egyptians who built the Great Pyramid 4500 years ago. That is why I used only the first 3 decimals for cosine 26° being 0.898. I did not round up any number. |
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| Suhail Jalbout |
| Posted: Sat Jan 12, 2008 12:23 pm Post subject: |
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Hi Megabrain,
I was looking for "communication between ancient civilizations"
to list my article. It seems History does not cover this domain. I shall be much obliged if you move it to psuedoscience. Thanks.
Regards
Suhail |
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| Harold14370 |
| Posted: Sat Jan 12, 2008 1:24 pm Post subject: |
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| Okay, now I see where you got the cosine of 26. It's still not very convincing. There are all sorts of pyramid dimensions you could have used -the height, length width, volume of the king's chamber, queen's chamber, the coffer, various external dimensions and so forth. I think you just played around with various dimensions until you stumbled on something that worked out close to 5125. People have been doing the same thing to find other kinds of prophesies supposed to be in the pyramids, from the date of the 10 Commandments to the speed of light. It's all nonsense. |
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| kojax |
| Posted: Mon Jan 14, 2008 2:41 am Post subject: |
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Well, look at what Cosine 26 is in this case. It's a the djacent leg of the triangle divided by the hypotenuse.
The adjacent leg is how far you're moving horizontally. The hypotenuse is how far you're moving along the corridor.
Who knows whether the ancient egyptians even considered there to be such a thing as a "cosine 26 degrees". They considered there to be such a thing as a ratio of corridor distance to horizontal distance, and that's what's being used in the calculation.
| Quote: |
16.431 / cos 26 = 16.431 / 0.898 = 18.297 years
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so:
cos 26 is ( Horizontal distance to center of the pyramid) / (Length of corridor)
and
16.431 / cos 26 is
(( Avg Height of corridor) * (total Length of corridor)))/ (Horizontal Distance to Center of the Pyramid)
or
(( Avg Height of corridor) * (total Length of corridor)))/ (Half the Total Width of the Pyramid)
His final result
| Quote: |
The Egyptian "usual interval" or epoch is : 280 x 18.297 = 5123 years
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Is...
((Total Height of Pyramid) / (Half Total Width of Pyramid)) * (Length of corridor) * (Avg Height of corridor)
Or
2 * Tangient of the Angle of the Outer Wall * Length of corridor / Avg Height of corridor
I would find the calculation more convincing if something other than the average height of the corridor were used. If you used the total height of the room at the top of the corridor perhaps? |
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| Harold14370 |
| Posted: Mon Jan 14, 2008 3:36 am Post subject: |
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| kojax wrote: |
Well, look at what Cosine 26 is in this case. It's a the djacent leg of the triangle divided by the hypotenuse.
The adjacent leg is how far you're moving horizontally. The hypotenuse is how far you're moving along the corridor.
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Let's say you drop a plumb bob from the ceiling to the floor at the far end of the sloped corridor. The angle of the plumb bob to the floor is 90-26 degrees. The angle of the plumb bob string with the end wall is 90-(90-26) =26 degrees. The ratio of the wall to plumb bob string length is cos 26 degrees.
So, his calculation is correct but it seems to me like an odd measurement for the ancients to use if they really wanted to warn us of some pending disaster, which is kind of a kooky idea in the first place.. |
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| kojax |
| Posted: Wed Jan 23, 2008 2:47 am Post subject: |
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I somewhat agree, though in fairness I think it's more likely if they encoded anything into the structure it's there because some part of their society's traditions value it rather than there to warn us of something.
If some oracle predicted the end of the world, or some other crazy event, and gave a time for it, and they read some kind of additional meaning into it, or spiritual significance, then it would be reasonable to build it into their temple.
This, of course, assumes other ancient world theories are accurate, ones which claim that Kufu didn't build the pyramid, but somebody much more ancient built it. And that they didn't build it as a tomb, but more as part of a larger temple complex. |
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| Suhail Jalbout |
| Posted: Sun Mar 30, 2008 12:08 pm Post subject: |
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Kogax wrote:
“ I would suggest that, if they didn't make the ceiling height of the grand gallery exactly consistent all the way across, this indicates one of 2 things.
Either:
1) It was consistent at first, but settling, earthquakes, or other things like that gradually made it uneven.”
I have done some digging to find out if major catastrophic events happened since the Great Pyramid was built 4600 years ago. Following is a short list covering evidence of major floods, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that may have caused uneven settling to the floor of the Grand Gallery:
1.The French professor, Claude Schaeffer, made enormous excavations in the Near East and came to the conclusion that a devastating catastrophe occurred in Asia Minor, Caucases, Indian Plateau, the Middle East, and Egypt between 2400-2300 B.C. The catastrophe was so enormous that everything was simultaneously destroyed. It spread ruins to the valley of the Nile and terminated the Old Kingdom period. All the cities of Caucasus, Anatolia, Persia, Mesopotamia, Syria, Jordan and Cyprus were completely destroyed. It was such an encompassing catastrophe, sudden and simultaneous, that the walls of all these cities were thrown from their foundations.
2.Evidence of a seawater flood in Egypt was attributed to Herodotus. Upon his visit to Egypt in 443 B.C, he observed seashells in the Egyptian desert and a high salt concentration in the soil. Also he found remains of seashells at the foot of the Great Pyramid.
3.P.Tomkins in his book "Secrets of the Great Pyramid" mentions that salt deposits were found in the Queen’s Chamber of the Great Pyramid. He writes: “The walls of the Queen’s Chamber are unblemished limestone blocks, beautifully finished, but early explorers found them mysteriously encrusted with salt as much as half an inch thick."
4.Salt deposits in the Great Pyramid are mentioned in the article by Martin Gray, "The Great Pyramid of Egypt": “The locations where the salts are found, in the Great Pyramid, are consistent with the monument having been submerged half-way up its height”.
5.In 1965, two American scientists, D. Ninkovich and B. Heezen, published a paper in which they presented evidence regarding the eruption of the volcanic island of Thera, located north of Crete in the eastern Mediterranean. The excavated cultural remains reveal that there was an explosion on the island around 1500 B.C. The explosion caused massive destruction to the island and put an end to the Minoan Empire. Originally, the Great Pyramid was near the banks of the river Nile. The huge tidal wave from the Mediterranean Sea, caused by the explosion, would raise the Nile and flood the areas surrounding it including the great Pyramid.
As a reminder, the length of the Grand Gallery is 91.37 cubits or 47.877 meters. The ceiling and the floor are parallel to each other and both are sloping upwards at 26 °to the base of the pyramid. It is made of huge blocks of stone weighing several tons. The downward force of its floor (ramp), on the base of the pyramid, increases linearly in the ascending direction. |
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